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Formation of Monolithic Ion-Selective Transport Media Based on "Click" Cross-Linked Hyperbranched Polyglycerol
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Organic Electronics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3615-1850
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Organic Electronics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4246-8723
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Organic Electronics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0302-226X
RISE Acreo AB, Sweden.
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2019 (English)In: Frontiers in Chemistry, E-ISSN 2296-2646, Vol. 7, article id 484Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In the emerging field of organic bioelectronics, conducting polymers and ion-selective membranes are combined to form resistors, diodes, transistors, and circuits that transport and process both electronic and ionic signals. Such bioelectronics concepts have been explored in delivery devices that translate electronic addressing signals into the transport and dispensing of small charged biomolecules at high specificity and spatiotemporal resolution. Manufacturing such "iontronic" devices generally involves classical thin film processing of polyelectrolyte layers and insulators followed by application of electrolytes. This approach makes miniaturization and integration difficult, simply because the ion selective polyelectrolytes swell after completing the manufacturing. To advance such bioelectronics/iontronics and to enable applications where relatively larger molecules can be delivered, it is important to develop a versatile material system in which the charge/size selectivity can be easily tailormade at the same time enabling easy manufacturing of complex and miniaturized structures. Here, we report a one-pot synthesis approach with minimal amount of organic solvent to achieve cationic hyperbranched polyglycerol films for iontronics applications. The hyperbranched structure allows for tunable pre multi-functionalization, which combines available unsaturated groups used in crosslinking along with ionic groups for electrolytic properties, to achieve a one-step process when applied in devices for monolithic membrane gel formation with selective electrophoretic transport of molecules.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA , 2019. Vol. 7, article id 484
Keywords [en]
hyperbranched polyglycerol; polyelectrolyte; multi-functionalization; thiol-ene; cross-linking; ion-selective; electrophoretic transport
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159146DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00484ISI: 000474717900001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-159146DiVA, id: diva2:1339659
Note

Funding Agencies|Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Advanced Functional Materials at Linkoping University; Onnesjo Foundation; Knut and AliceWallenberg Foundation

Available from: 2019-07-30 Created: 2019-07-30 Last updated: 2024-01-10
In thesis
1. Synthetic Functionalities for Ion and Electron Conductive Polymers: Applications in Organic Electronics and Biological Interfaces
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Synthetic Functionalities for Ion and Electron Conductive Polymers: Applications in Organic Electronics and Biological Interfaces
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In the search for understanding and communicating with all biological systems, in humans, animals, plants, and even microorganisms, we find a common language of all communicating via electrons, ions and molecules. Since the discovery of organic electronics, the ability to bridge the gap and communicate be-tween modern technology and biology has emerged. Organic chemistry pro-vides us with tools for understanding and a material platform of polymer electronics for communication. Such insights give us not only the ability to observe fundamental phenomenon but to actively design and construct materials with chemical functionalities towards better interfaces and applications. Organic electronic materials and devices have found their way to be implemented in the field of medicine for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, but also in water purification and to help tackle the monumental task in creating the next generation of sustainable energy production and storage. Ultimately it’s safe to say that organic electronics are not going to replace our traditional technology based on inorganic materials but rather the two fields can find a way to complement each other for various purposes and applications. Compared to conventional silicon based technology, production of carbon-based organic electronic polymer materials are extremely cheap and devices can even be made flexible and soft with great compatibility towards biology.  

The main focus of this thesis has been developing and synthesizing new types of organic electronic and ionic conductive polymeric materials. Rational chemical design and modifications of the materials have been utilized to introduce specific functionalities to the materials. The functionalities serving the purpose to facilitate ion and electron conductive charge transport for organic electronics and with biological interface implementation of the polymer materials. 

Multi-functional ionic conductive hyperbranched polyglycerol polyelectrolytes (dendrolytes) were developed comprising both ionically charged groups and cross-linkable groups. The hyperbranched polyglycerol core structure of the material possesses a hydrophilic solvating platform for both ions and maintenance of solvent molecules, while being a biocompatible structure. Coupled with the peripheral charged ionic functionalities of the polymer, the dendrolyte materials are highly ionic conductive and selective towards cationic and anionic charged atoms and large molecules when implemented as ion-exchange membranes. Homogenous ion-exchange membrane casting has been achieved by the implementation of cross-linkable functionalities in the dendrolytes, utilizing robust click-chemistry for efficient micro and macro fabrication processing of the ion-ex-change membranes for organic electronic devices. The ion-exchange membrane material was implemented in electrophoretic drug delivery devices (organic electronic ion pumps), which are used for delivery of ions and neurotransmitters with spatiotemporal resolution and are able to communicate and be used for therapeutic drug delivery purposes in biological interfaces. The dendrolyte materials were also able to form free-standing membranes, making it possible for implementation in fuel cell and desalination purposes. 

Trimeric conjugated thiophene pre-polymer structures were also developed in the thesis and synthesized for the purpose of implementation of the material in vivo to form electrically conductive polymer structures, and in such manner to be able to create electrodes and ultimately to connect with the central nervous system. The conjugated pre-polymers being both water soluble and enzymatically polymerizable serve as a platform to realize such a concept. Also, modifying the trimeric structure with cross-linkable functionality created the capability to form better interfaces and stability towards biological environments.   

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2021. p. 97
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 2193
National Category
Polymer Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-181717 (URN)10.3384/9789179291341 (DOI)9789179291334 (ISBN)9789179291341 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-01-14, K1, Kåkenhus, Campus Norrköping, Norrköping, 10:15 (English)
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Available from: 2021-12-07 Created: 2021-12-07 Last updated: 2021-12-07Bibliographically approved

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