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Online Contact Point Estimation for Uncalibrated Tool Use
KTH, School of Computer Science and Communication (CSC), Computer Vision and Active Perception, CVAP.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5129-342X
KTH, School of Computer Science and Communication (CSC), Computer Vision and Active Perception, CVAP. KTH, School of Computer Science and Communication (CSC), Centres, Centre for Autonomous Systems, CAS. (CAS)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2078-8854
KTH, School of Computer Science and Communication (CSC), Computer Vision and Active Perception, CVAP.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3653-4691
KTH, School of Computer Science and Communication (CSC), Computer Vision and Active Perception, CVAP.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2965-2953
2014 (English)In: Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2014 IEEE International Conference on, IEEE Robotics and Automation Society, 2014, p. 2488-2493Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

One of the big challenges for robots working outside of traditional industrial settings is the ability to robustly and flexibly grasp and manipulate tools for various tasks. When a tool is interacting with another object during task execution, several problems arise: a tool can be partially or completely occluded from the robot's view, it can slip or shift in the robot's hand - thus, the robot may lose the information about the exact position of the tool in the hand. Thus, there is a need for online calibration and/or recalibration of the tool. In this paper, we present a model-free online tool-tip calibration method that uses force/torque measurements and an adaptive estimation scheme to estimate the point of contact between a tool and the environment. An adaptive force control component guarantees that interaction forces are limited even before the contact point estimate has converged. We also show how to simultaneously estimate the location and normal direction of the surface being touched by the tool-tip as the contact point is estimated. The stability of the the overall scheme and the convergence of the estimated parameters are theoretically proven and the performance is evaluated in experiments on a real robot.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE Robotics and Automation Society, 2014. p. 2488-2493
National Category
Computer Vision and Robotics (Autonomous Systems)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-165631DOI: 10.1109/ICRA.2014.6907206ISI: 000377221102084Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84929207031OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-165631DiVA, id: diva2:808729
Conference
IEEE International Conference on Robots and Automation,Hong Kong, May 31 2014-June 7 2014
Note

QC 20150507

Available from: 2015-04-29 Created: 2015-04-29 Last updated: 2022-06-23Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Robotic Manipulation under Uncertainty and Limited Dexterity
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Robotic Manipulation under Uncertainty and Limited Dexterity
2016 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Robotic manipulators today are mostly constrained to perform fixed, repetitive tasks. Engineers design the robot’s workcell specifically tailoredto the task, minimizing all possible uncertainties such as the location of tools and parts that the robot manipulates. However, autonomous robots must be capable of manipulating novel objects with unknown physical properties such as their inertial parameters, friction and shape. In this thesis we address the problem of uncertainty connected to kinematic constraints and friction forces in several robotic manipulation tasks. We design adaptive controllers for opening one degree of freedom mechanisms, such as doors and drawers, under the presence of uncertainty in the kinematic parameters of the system. Furthermore, we formulate adaptive estimators for determining the location of the contact point between a tool grasped by the robot and the environment in manipulation tasks where the robot needs to exert forces with the tool on another object, as in the case of screwing or drilling. We also propose a learning framework based on Gaussian Process regression and dual arm manipulation to estimate the static friction properties of objects. The second problem we address in this thesis is related to the mechanical simplicity of most robotic grippers available in the market. Their lower cost and higher robustness compared to more mechanically advanced hands make them attractive for industrial and research robots. However, the simple mechanical design restrictsthem from performing in-hand manipulation, i.e. repositioning of objects in the robot’s hand, by using the fingers to push, slide and roll the object. Researchers have proposed thus to use extrinsic dexterity instead, i.e. to exploit resources and features of the environment, such as gravity or inertial forces,  that can help the robot to perform regrasps. Given that the robot must then interact with the environment, the problem of uncertainty becomes highly relevant. We propose controllers for performing pivoting, i.e. reorienting the grasped object in the robot’s hand, using gravity and controlling the friction exerted by the fingertips by varying the grasping force.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2016. p. 43
Series
TRITA-CSC-A, ISSN 1653-5723 ; 2016:15
National Category
Computer Vision and Robotics (Autonomous Systems)
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187484 (URN)978-91-7729-022-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2016-06-13, F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26, KTH Campus Valhallavägen, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20160524

Available from: 2016-05-24 Created: 2016-05-24 Last updated: 2022-06-22Bibliographically approved

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