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Environmentally relevant chemical disruptors of oxidative phosphorylation in Baltic Sea biota: Exposure and toxic potentials
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry.
2015 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis focuses on toxicity and occurrence of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) in Baltic Sea biota. The aims were to assess OH-PBDEs potency for disruption of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and determine their and related compounds exposure in Baltic blue mussel, herring and long-tailed duck. A method for analysis of OH-PBDEs in herring and long-tailed duck plasma was also evaluated.

Relevant OH-PBDEs were tested in vitro for OXPHOS disruption, using a classic rat mitochondrial respiration assay and a cell mitochondrial membrane potential assay. All compounds were found to disrupt OXPHOS either by protonophoric uncoupling and/or via inhibition of the electron transport chain. 6-OH-BDE47 and 6-OH-BDE85, were identified as particularly potent OXPHOS disruptors. Strong synergism was observed when OH-PBDEs were tested as a mixture corresponding to what is present in Baltic blue mussels.

Baltic blue mussel is main feed for several species of mussel feeding sea ducks which have decreased dramatically in numbers. To assess long-tailed ducks exposure to brominated substances, liver tissue from long-tailed ducks wintering in the Baltic Sea and blue mussels were analysed. The result confirms that long-tailed duck are exposed to OH-PBDEs via their diet. However, low concentrations were found in the duck livers, which suggest low retention of these compounds despite daily intake. How the nutritional value of blue mussels as feed for sea ducks are affected by OH-PBDE exposure still needs further studies. Other species of sea ducks foraging on Baltic blue mussels during summer months can also be more exposed due to seasonal variation in primary production.

Herring sampled in the Baltic Proper and Bothnian Sea, were found to contain OH-PBDEs and high levels of their methylated counterpart, MeO-PBDEs. As demethylation of MeO-PBDEs is known to occur in fish, MeO-PBDEs may pose as additional source for more toxic OH-PBDEs in herring and their roe.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , 2015. , p. 69
Keywords [en]
Oxidative phosphorylation, OH-PBDEs, MeO-PBDEs, PBDEs, long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis), Baltic herring (Clupea harengus), Baltic blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus x Mytilus edulis), Baltic Sea
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115436ISBN: 978-91-7649-127-0 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-115436DiVA, id: diva2:797679
Public defence
2015-05-13, Magnéli Hall, Arrhenius Laboratory, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 B, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.

Available from: 2015-04-21 Created: 2015-03-24 Last updated: 2022-02-23Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Disruption of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) present in the marine environment
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Disruption of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) present in the marine environment
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2014 (English)In: Environmental Science and Technology, ISSN 0013-936X, E-ISSN 1520-5851, Vol. 48, no 24, p. 14703-14711Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) are of growing concern, as they have been detected in both humans and wildlife and have been shown to be toxic. Recent studies have indicated that OH-PBDEs can be more toxic than PBDEs, partly due to their ability to disrupt oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), an essential process in energy metabolism. In this study, we determined the OXPHOS disruption potential of 18 OH-PBDE congeners reported in marine wildlife using two in vitro bioassays, namely the classic rat mitochondrial respiration assay, and a mitochrondrial membrane potential assay using zebrafish PAC2 cells. Single OH-PBDE congeners as well as mixtures were tested to study potential additive or synergistic effects. An environmental mixture composed of seven OH-PBDE congeners mimicking the concentrations reported in Baltic blue mussels were also studied. We report that all OH-PBDEs tested were able to disrupt OXPHOS via either protonophoric uncoupling and/or inhibition of the electron transport chain. Additionally we show that OH-PBDEs tested in combinations as found in the environment have the potential to disrupt OXPHOS. Importantly, mixtures of OH-PBDEs may show very strong synergistic effects, stressing the importance of further research on the in vivo impacts of these compounds in the environment

National Category
Chemical Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-112111 (URN)10.1021/es5039744 (DOI)000346686100077 ()
Available from: 2015-01-09 Created: 2015-01-09 Last updated: 2022-02-28Bibliographically approved
2. Hydroxylated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis) and their main food, Baltic blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus x Mytilus edulis)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hydroxylated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis) and their main food, Baltic blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus x Mytilus edulis)
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115434 (URN)
Available from: 2015-03-24 Created: 2015-03-24 Last updated: 2022-02-23Bibliographically approved
3. Anthropogenic and naturally produced brominated substances in Baltic herring (Clupea harengus) from two sites in the Baltic Sea
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Anthropogenic and naturally produced brominated substances in Baltic herring (Clupea harengus) from two sites in the Baltic Sea
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115432 (URN)
Available from: 2015-03-24 Created: 2015-03-24 Last updated: 2022-02-23Bibliographically approved
4. Recovery discrepancies of OH-PBDEs and polybromophenols in human plasma and cat serum versus herring and long-tailed duck plasma
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Recovery discrepancies of OH-PBDEs and polybromophenols in human plasma and cat serum versus herring and long-tailed duck plasma
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2014 (English)In: Chemosphere, ISSN 0045-6535, E-ISSN 1879-1298, Vol. 94, p. 97-103Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) have been identified as metabolites of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and/or as natural products. The OH-PBDEs and polybromophenols have come into focus over the last decade due to their abundance in biota and their potential adverse health effects. The present recovery study aims to validate a commonly used method (published by Hovander et al. 2000) for OH-PBDE analysis in human plasma. Further, the authors intended to determine the method's applicability to serum/plasma matrices from other species than humans. The investigated matrices were human plasma, cat serum, herring- and long-tailed duck plasma. The recovery study included nine OH-PBDEs, four polybromophenols and three methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs). Five replicates of each matrix were spiked with these compounds at two dose levels; a low dose (0.5 ng) and a high dose (5 ng) and were cleaned up according to the Hovander method. The recovery of OH-PBDEs and polybromophenols in human plasma and cat serum were high and reproducible at both dose levels whereas the recovery for herring and long-tailed duck plasma were low and insufficient with great variability amongst OH-PBDE congeners at both dose levels. Our data show that the method can be fully applied to matrices like human plasma and cat serum but not for herring and long-tailed duck plasma without further method development. Hence care needs to be taken when applying the method onto other blood matrices without validation since the present study have demonstrated that the recoveries may differ amongst OH-PBDE congeners and specie.

Keywords
OH-PBDEs, Polybromophenols, Plasma, Serum, Recovery study
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Research subject
Environmental Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-98262 (URN)10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.020 (DOI)000327685300014 ()
Note

AuthorCount:5;

Available from: 2014-01-10 Created: 2014-01-03 Last updated: 2022-02-28Bibliographically approved

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