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Mineralogical and Petrographic Characteristics of Indium and REE-Bearing Accessory Phases in the Kymi Granite Stock, Southern Finland
Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Espoo.
Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Espoo.
Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Espoo.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6790-2653
2018 (English)In: Natural Resources, ISSN 2158-706X, E-ISSN 2158-7086, Vol. 9, no 2, p. 23-41, article id 82556Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The Wiborg rapakivi batholith (1.64 Ga) in southeastern Finland with docu-mented occurrences of REE, indium and Zn-Cu-Pb sulphide mineralization was studied. Hydrothermal greisen and quartz vein type Fe-Sn and Zn-Cu-Pb are found in the Kymi granite stock as intrusions. They are enriched with in-dium and rare earth elements, with roquesite (CuInS2) being a major indium- carrier, whereas monazite (Ce), allanite (Ce), bastnäesite (Ce), xenotime-(Y) and thorite are the main REE carriers. Combination of optical and field emis-sion scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and electron probe microanaly-sis (EPMA) were used to study the indium and REE-bearing mineral assem-blages. EPMA of roquesite found in galena had a composition of 26.16% S, 0.02% Fe, 25.06% Cu, 0.03% Zn, 1.06% As, 0.31% Sb and 47.14% In. Substitu-tion reaction Pb2+S2− ↔ Cu+In3+S2− is the cause of the incorporation of indium in the galena structure. The majority of the LREE are carried by monazite, bastnäesite and allanite, and the HREE by xenotime and zircon. There is a partial solid solution between monazite and xenotime with minor or trace amounts of LREE in xenotime grains (6.0 wt%). LREE (>95 mol% LREE) and less than 5 mol% HREE + Y reflects the enrichment of chondrite-normalized REE of the monazite grains of the Kymi granite stock. The xenotime grains (small and irregular) main composition contains 71 - 76 mol% YPO4, 16 - 27 mol% HREE, and 6 - 8 mol% LREE. It is believed that indium and REE-mineralization presence is due to the combination of magmatic and postmagmatic processes, particularly at later stages by fluid fractionation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Scientific Research Publishing, 2018. Vol. 9, no 2, p. 23-41, article id 82556
Keywords [en]
Indium, Roquesite, REE-Minerals, Kymi Stock, Finland
National Category
Geotechnical Engineering
Research subject
Soil Mechanics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-67647DOI: 10.4236/nr.2018.92003OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-67647DiVA, id: diva2:1182619
Available from: 2018-02-14 Created: 2018-02-14 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved

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