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Generalized random shapelet forests
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4632-4815
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences.
Number of Authors: 32016 (English)In: Data mining and knowledge discovery, ISSN 1384-5810, E-ISSN 1573-756X, Vol. 30, no 5, p. 1053-1085Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Shapelets are discriminative subsequences of time series, usually embedded in shapelet-based decision trees. The enumeration of time series shapelets is, however, computationally costly, which in addition to the inherent difficulty of the decision tree learning algorithm to effectively handle high-dimensional data, severely limits the applicability of shapelet-based decision tree learning from large (multivariate) time series databases. This paper introduces a novel tree-based ensemble method for univariate and multivariate time series classification using shapelets, called the generalized random shapelet forest algorithm. The algorithm generates a set of shapelet-based decision trees, where both the choice of instances used for building a tree and the choice of shapelets are randomized. For univariate time series, it is demonstrated through an extensive empirical investigation that the proposed algorithm yields predictive performance comparable to the current state-of-the-art and significantly outperforms several alternative algorithms, while being at least an order of magnitude faster. Similarly for multivariate time series, it is shown that the algorithm is significantly less computationally costly and more accurate than the current state-of-the-art.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 30, no 5, p. 1053-1085
Keywords [en]
Multivariate time series, Time series classification, Time series shapelets, Decision trees, Ensemble methods
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-135052DOI: 10.1007/s10618-016-0473-yISI: 000382010500004OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-135052DiVA, id: diva2:1043749
Conference
European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery, Riva del Garda, Italy, September 19-23, 2016
Available from: 2016-10-31 Created: 2016-10-31 Last updated: 2022-02-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Order in the random forest
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Order in the random forest
2017 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In many domains, repeated measurements are systematically collected to obtain the characteristics of objects or situations that evolve over time or other logical orderings. Although the classification of such data series shares many similarities with traditional multidimensional classification, inducing accurate machine learning models using traditional algorithms are typically infeasible since the order of the values must be considered.

In this thesis, the challenges related to inducing predictive models from data series using a class of algorithms known as random forests are studied for the purpose of efficiently and effectively classifying (i) univariate, (ii) multivariate and (iii) heterogeneous data series either directly in their sequential form or indirectly as transformed to sparse and high-dimensional representations. In the thesis, methods are developed to address the challenges of (a) handling sparse and high-dimensional data, (b) data series classification and (c) early time series classification using random forests. The proposed algorithms are empirically evaluated in large-scale experiments and practically evaluated in the context of detecting adverse drug events.

In the first part of the thesis, it is demonstrated that minor modifications to the random forest algorithm and the use of a random projection technique can improve the effectiveness of random forests when faced with discrete data series projected to sparse and high-dimensional representations. In the second part of the thesis, an algorithm for inducing random forests directly from univariate, multivariate and heterogeneous data series using phase-independent patterns is introduced and shown to be highly effective in terms of both computational and predictive performance. Then, leveraging the notion of phase-independent patterns, the random forest is extended to allow for early classification of time series and is shown to perform favorably when compared to alternatives. The conclusions of the thesis not only reaffirm the empirical effectiveness of random forests for traditional multidimensional data but also indicate that the random forest framework can, with success, be extended to sequential data representations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, 2017. p. 76
Series
Report Series / Department of Computer & Systems Sciences, ISSN 1101-8526 ; 17-004
Keywords
Machine learning, random forest, ensemble, time series, data series, sequential data, sparse data, high-dimensional data
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-142052 (URN)978-91-7649-827-9 (ISBN)978-91-7649-828-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2017-06-08, L30, NOD-huset, Borgarfjordsgatan 12, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research , IIS11-0053
Available from: 2017-05-16 Created: 2017-04-24 Last updated: 2022-02-28Bibliographically approved

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