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Barnmisshandel ur barns och ungas perspektiv: Omfattning, hälsa, avslöjande och stöd
Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.ORCID-id: 0000-0003-4526-2752
2015 (Svenska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)Alternativ titel
Child maltreatment from the perspectives of children and young people : Prevalence, health, disclosure and support (Engelska)
Abstract [en]

Child abuse is a major public health problem which is largely hidden in the society.

The main aim of the thesis was to study child maltreatment from children’s and young people’s perspectives focusing on prevalence, health, disclosure and support.

The thesis is based on four studies. Quantitative and qualitative data from three national surveys of child maltreatment, including children in different age groups and young adults, have been analysed.

The results showed that child maltreatment is prevalent and there is a large degree of overlap between maltreatment types. Neglect and witnessing intimate partner violence were the types that overlapped most with other types of maltreatment. Child maltreatment was strongly associated to psychosomatic symptoms and impaired quality of life. Young people who have been victims of child maltreatment described the psychological consequences, such as painful memories, low self-esteem and depression. The psychological abuse was described as particularly detrimental. Victims of sexual abuse expressed feelings of shame and guilt. About half of the severely abused children did not disclose the abuse, mainly because of lack of trust in adults. Many children felt that they did not receive adequate support when they disclosed the maltreatment, particularly because they experienced a lack of child perspective among professionals. Children and young people experienced positive support from the school health services which they considered to have a particularly important role in the detection and support of maltreated children. The results emphasize an increased awareness among professionals to recognise and respond to child maltreatment.

Abstract [sv]

Barnmisshandel är ett omfattande folkhälsoproblem som bryter mot de mänskliga rättigheterna. Det är också ett dolt problem då det sällan avslöjas eller upptäcks.

Avhandlingens övergripande syfte var att undersöka barnmisshandel ur barns och ungas perspektiv med fokus på omfattning, hälsa, avslöjande och stöd.

Avhandlingen bygger på fyra delstudier som baseras på nationella kartläggningar av barnmisshandel. Resultaten visar att barnmisshandel är vanligt förekommande och att olika former av barnmisshandel i stor utsträckning överlappar varandra. Vidare visar resultaten att barnmisshandel påverkade barns och ungas hälsa negativt ur ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv. Den psykiska misshandeln uttrycktes som särskilt svår och ouppmärksammad. De som utsatts för sexuella övergrepp uttryckte känslor av skam och skuld. En stor andel barn och unga som varit utsatta för barnmisshandel avslöjade inte misshandeln, framförallt på grund av brist på tillit till vuxna. Många upplevde att de inte fått tillräckligt med stöd när de berättat om misshandeln, huvudsakligen på grund av att de upplevt ett saknat barnperspektiv hos professionella. Barn och unga hade goda erfarenheter av elevhälsan och ansåg den ha en särskilt viktig roll för upptäckt och stöd.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2015. , s. 84
Serie
Karlstad University Studies, ISSN 1403-8099 ; 2015:49
Nyckelord [sv]
barnmisshandel, hälsa, avslöjande, stöd, barn, unga
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Forskningsämne
Folkhälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-38184ISBN: 978-91-7063-668-4 (tryckt)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-38184DiVA, id: diva2:861072
Disputation
2015-12-04, Fryxellsalen, 1B306, Karlstads universitet, Karlstad, 13:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2015-11-12 Skapad: 2015-10-15 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-04-21Bibliografiskt granskad
Delarbeten
1. Young adult's personal views on childabuse
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Young adult's personal views on childabuse
2010 (Engelska)Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Social Research, E-ISSN 1892-2783, Vol. 1, s. 1-16Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Forskningsämne
Folkhälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-10645 (URN)
Tillgänglig från: 2012-02-08 Skapad: 2012-02-08 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-12-08Bibliografiskt granskad
2. Multiple psychosomatic symptoms can indicate child physical abuse: results from a study of Swedish schoolchildren
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Multiple psychosomatic symptoms can indicate child physical abuse: results from a study of Swedish schoolchildren
2012 (Engelska)Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 101, nr 3, s. 324-9Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

AIM:

To examine whether children with self-reported experiences of either physical abuse alone or combined with intimate partner violence report more psychosomatic symptoms than other children and to explore whether these possible associations are enhanced by school-related factors, chronic condition and demographic factors.

METHODS:

A national cross-sectional study of 2771 pupils in grades 4, 6 and 9 from 44 schools in Sweden was carried out in 2006 (91% response rate). Data were analysed with univariate tests (chi-square), multiple logistic regression analyses and stratified logistic regression analyses, expressed as crude odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS:

There was a strong association between reported physical abuse and multiple (three or more) psychosomatic symptoms among schoolchildren (AOR 2.12). Chronic condition was the only determinant that had an obvious enhancing effect on the association between physical abuse and psychosomatic symptoms in childhood.

CONCLUSION:

This study shows that multiple psychosomatic symptoms are associated with child physical abuse. Health professionals therefore need to pay special attention to schoolchildren who complain about the co-occurrence of psychosomatic symptoms and pattern of symptoms, which could not be easily explained by other causes.

Nyckelord
Child physical abuse, Chronic conditions, Intimate partner violence, Schoolchildren
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Forskningsämne
Folkhälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-15308 (URN)10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02518.x (DOI)000299468400029 ()22054216 (PubMedID)
Tillgänglig från: 2012-10-23 Skapad: 2012-10-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-04-21Bibliografiskt granskad
3. Quality of life among Swedish school children who experienced multitype child maltreatment
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Quality of life among Swedish school children who experienced multitype child maltreatment
2015 (Engelska)Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 104, nr 3, s. 320-325Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

AIM:The aim of this study was to examine the overlap between child maltreatment types and their association with quality of life among school children.

METHODS:A national cross-sectional study of 3202 grade nine Swedish pupils of 15 years of age was carried out in 2011 with an 84% response rate. Data were analysed using Pearson chi-square and multiple linear regression analyses.

RESULTS:Of the total sample, 650 children (20%) reported at least one type of maltreatment. There was a large degree of overlap between maltreatment types. In particular, neglect and witnessing intimate partner violence overlapped with most other types of maltreatment. There was a significant relationship between the degree of abuse and multitype maltreatment. Results showed a linear relationship between the number of types of maltreatment and quality of life (p < 0.001), indicating a dose-response relationship.

CONCLUSION:The results emphasise the negative impact of child maltreatment on children's lives and highlight the importance of taking the broad spectrum of child maltreatment into account in both research and practice. A more comprehensive assessment of the width of maltreatment among professionals may help to identify the most seriously maltreated children and lead to an improved ability to target intervention and prevention at these children.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Wiley-Blackwell, 2015
Nyckelord
Child maltreatment; Multitype maltreatment; Quality of life; School children
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Forskningsämne
Folkhälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-38174 (URN)10.1111/apa.12873 (DOI)000350062400026 ()25418954 (PubMedID)
Tillgänglig från: 2015-10-14 Skapad: 2015-10-14 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-04-21Bibliografiskt granskad
4. Disclosure of maltreatment and perceived adult support among Swedish adolescents
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Disclosure of maltreatment and perceived adult support among Swedish adolescents
Visa övriga...
2017 (Engelska)Ingår i: Child Abuse Review, ISSN 0952-9136, E-ISSN 1099-0852, Vol. 26, nr 6, s. 451-464Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Compared to child sexual abuse (CSA), little is known about disclosure of child physical abuse (CPA). Enhancing the understanding of the characteristics of disclosure is necessary for improved child protection. The aim of the present study was to examine disclosure of CPA and perceived adult support using both quantitative and qualitative data from a survey of child maltreatment carried out among a nationally representative sample of Swedish adolescents (n = 3202). We found that adolescents who experienced any child maltreatment (CPA, emotional abuse, neglect and witnessing intimate partner violence) were less likely to be able to identify an adult confidant compared to those without a history of abuse. Among the adolescents who reported severe CPA, 52 per cent had disclosed the abuse and the most frequent recipient of disclosure was a peer or sibling. Eleven per cent had disclosed to professionals within school, child protective services or law enforcement. Lack of trust in adults appeared to be the most prominent reason for non- disclosure. Several adolescents who had disclosed abuse to professionals perceived an ineffective response, primarily because of professionals' lack of a child perspective. Some respondents experienced supportive interventions, specifically from school social workers. These patterns showed close similarity to disclosure of CSA.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
John Wiley & Sons, 2017
Nyckelord
child maltreatment; child physical abuse; disclosure; social support; adolescents
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Forskningsämne
Folkhälsovetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-38175 (URN)10.1002/car.2443 (DOI)000416432500005 ()
Tillgänglig från: 2015-10-14 Skapad: 2015-10-14 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-04-21Bibliografiskt granskad

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